School bus driver training florida. MTS Training Academy - Main Office.
95 an hour. Iron Range Bus Lines Inc. Noninstructional/Support - Position - Bus Driver Unassigned Job Number 3700247797 Start Date Open Date 07/09/2024 Closing Date 06/30/2025 Duty Days 184 Additional Job Information If you have The purpose and effect are to implement Florida’s statutory requirements for safe, efficient transportation for Florida public school students by school districts and charter schools. Summer work available. Have Extremely Clear Procedures for Dealing With Special Needs Students. You must be a current member in good standing to take advantage of our membership pricing. Bradenton, FL 34205. Infrastructure Health & Safety Association 1-800-263-5024 info@ihsa. 10 to 15 hours per week. 41 per hour. 4558. All urgent concerns regarding the location of a school bus or student inquiry, please call our Dispatch Office. The average School Bus Driver salary in the United States is $38,558 as of June 27, 2024, but the range typically falls between $31,132 and $46,995. Central Charter School. Heartland Express 3. Why Pinellas. Mar 8, 2024 · T-9 Training Form; School Bus Driver Evaluation Forms; Ohio School Bus Inspection Form; Training Videos; Driver Qualification Charts. Minneola Charter School. Hours are for split shift Mon, Tues, Thurs, Fri 7:00am-9:00pm then 2:00pm-4:00pm, Wed 7:00am-9:00pm then 1:00pm-3:00pm. For more information call 407-317-3800, ext. Greyhound 3. No nights + 1. The DPAS is a test given to potential instructors who have not taken Physically capable of operating a school bus as determined by a medical certificate, dexterity and drug test. atolson@volusia. Either way, this suggests a training deficiency. Dec 4, 2014 · The School Training Solutions (STS) Florida course, combined with a county’s behind-the-wheel training, exposes drivers to an ideal blended learning experience. $17. 140 Yolano Drive, Vallejo, California 94589, United States. Dir. We have more experience with all sizes of school districts than any other provider. We also offer parents safety information about school buses and traffic safety rules for drivers and children to follow near bus stops and school zones. To better understand duties and responsibilities the bus driver must obtain and become familiar with RCMA Daily Transportation User Guide before transporting. Westminster Communities of Florida. School bus drivers; requirements and duties. Drivers safely transport 45 – 60 students at one time to and from school daily. You can also visit any one of the Transportation compounds. No office staff at location; this is a testing center only. Student Transportation. Request a Free Presentation. 86 an hour. Maintaining School Bus Endorsement. CDL Bus Drivers - Miami, FL. SECTION 45. 0141 that will make it a requirement to include cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and first aid training for all public school bus operators and attendants. Duval County Public Schools is an equal opportunity school district. Step 2: Meet the Basic Requirements. Benefits. Certificate Number: N/A/ Job Order: 2024-258 (On-Site) MISSION: RCMA Mulberry Community Academy, a Title I Charter School in Polk County, is seeking an…. Provide additional required information, including references. The Escambia County School District Transportation Department transports some 20,000 students over more than 190 school buses each and every school day. $16 - $22 an hour. 82 per hour About this test. org or. As part of a comprehensive program to improve safety, the agency developed a pupil transportation toolkit , which includes an interactive tool for planning safer school bus stops and routes. Salary ranges can vary widely depending on many important factors, including education, certifications, additional skills, the number of years you have spent in your profession. School Bus Driver Training Program. Valid driver's license with a clean driving record. CDL class “A” or “B”. m. Active 3 days ago ·. The School Transportation Management Section provides leadership, assistance, and training for school districts and other clients to ensure safe and efficient. Many employers place driving record, license and background over education level. Mar 22, 2022 · Government-approved school bus course providers. No previous experience is needed, we will train qualified applicants. Whether you’re an entry-level driver or a veteran, we offer something for you. (1) Each school bus driver must be of good moral character, of good vision and hearing, able Oct 2, 2022 · 1. Our focus. These campuses are located in Fort Pierce and Plant City. Multiple-choice format. 1-866-345-7388 contactus@ironrangebus. – The 2024–2025 school year is almost here, and one bus company is already gearing up. edu or Roberta Yegidis, ryegidis@usf. Practice makes perfect! Get your license in Florida (2024). Our practice tests have 25 multiple choice questions straight from the handbook and give immediate feedback. Federal law requires all commercial drivers, including school bus drivers, to carry a Department of Transportation medical card, which requires a DOT physical. Typically responds within 2 days. 44 per hour. The Transportation Operations department serves 121 schools, safely and efficiently transporting approximately 50,000 students to and from school each day. Typically responds within 1 day. More Jun 24, 2020 · Training includes safe driving techniques, bus evacuation, student management, and other specialized training dependent on the client’s needs. Andrew Olson. 74. You’ll have to pay a fee for this exam, which you must get before you apply for a commercial learner’s permit (CLP). Step 3: Submit Required Documents. D. $50,000 - $70,000 a year. Completion of approved DOE training course for the school bus driver * Completion of approved DOE training course for the school bus driver * CPR and First Aid approved training courses for school New Drivers: We will pay you to train for your CDL Class B licensing with the Passenger and School Bus endorsements; Compensation: Pay scale based on experience: $17. 49 Hourly. No Air brake restriction Preferred/not required Thank you, Dr. org. $20. 32/50 : Final 6A-3. Complete the school bus driver training program as prescribed by state and local policies; Adhere to the attendance policy as dependability, punctuality and perfect attendance are essential for your daily bus driver; responsibilities. Our friendly Customer Service will assist you if you're experiencing any difficulties with the website or your online training. This applies to those seeking to: Obtain a school bus (S), passenger (P), or hazardous materials (H) endorsement for the first time. Pensacola, FL 32503. , Seminole Tribe of Florida, Leesel Transportation Corp. 009). This video focuses on sound dr Train for FREE with our online bus driver test. Directions for Application Pay and Benefits for Bus Operator and Bus Attendant. There are several answer options, but only one of Call or e-mail Cheyenne Goodale at 727-547-7100 ext. In Osceola County, Florida, for example, school bus drivers have seen a pay increase from $13. Full-time +1. Requirements often vary by the hiring company, but there are a few standard rules: Be at least 21-24 years old. 1012. It is one of the largest student transportation operations in the United States. FMCSA’s Entry Level Driver Training (ELDT) regulations set the baseline for training requirements for entry-level drivers. An employment application must be submitted directly to a local school bus company. Paid, Best in Class Training. The top of the scale is more than $31. Class A truck driver jobs in our regional divisions give drivers the opportunity to stay closer to home while still earning high miles. Most states require school bus drivers to be over the age of 18, but, if their route requires driving over state lines, most states require them to be at 1. 04 per hour. Minimum fine of $265, if you pass on the side where children enter and exit, you will receive a minimum fine of $465. Mon – Fri: 12 PM – 5 PM. Transporting more than 25,000 students each school day more than 6,000,000 annual miles, our drivers and support personnel are highly trained, motivated, and very experienced. Efficient training. Each of the 20 questions is based on the official 2024 CDL manual. 0141 Employment of School Bus Operators: 3195003: Effective: 11/26/2006 2021 Florida Statutes (Including 2021B Session) Title XLVIII EARLY LEARNING-20 EDUCATION CODE. 7/24/2024. T Inc. To receive a copy of the Applicant Study Guide (Highway Patrol Handbook 82. 7, Passenger Transportation Safety Handbook), please contact your local CHP Office or the Commercial Vehicle Section at 916-843-3400. Monday to Friday +5. School Bus Driver - TRAINING AVAILABLE. Davenport, FL. Intersections, Merging and Lane ChangesBus driving fundamentals encompass several different driving situations and techniques. Bradford County School Board 501 West Washington Street Starke, Florida 32091 Map to location: $2,000: Sheridan Technical Center West Campus: 20251 Stirling Road Pembroke Pines, Florida 33332 Map to location: $2,000: Mid-Florida Technical Institute: 2900 West Oak Ridge Road Orlando, Florida 32809 Map to location: $2,000: Pinellas Technical This page must be signed and dated in the presence of the CHP school bus officer or coordinator. Florida Retirement System. While on the face, this seems like a good idea, it does raise a few questions. Map of service area in Leon County (Tallahassee), Gadsden County, Jefferson County, and Wakulla County covered by Cantor's Driving School. k12. If you are interested in joining the Flagler Schools Transportation team, please visit the Apply For a Job page to learn how to apply online. Pass a Road Test in a school bus. 51 an hour. **Important note for Bus Drivers**. FILL OUT APPLICATION. Sage Truck Driving School is a top trucking school with 2 campus locations in the State of Florida. Along with providing questions, the Florida CDL School Bus Practice Test is scored the same way as the official test is. High school or equivalent (Required). Report all accidents and incidents involving drivers or company vehicles. Get directions. School Bus Driver - $26. Interview on-the-spot for available positions. Monday to Friday + 4. Attention School Bus Driver. CDL-A Regional Truck Driver. The salary of school bus drivers can vary significantly depending on factors such as location, experience, the employer (such as a school district or private transportation company) and the number of hours worked. 325 W. Mar 19, 2024 · School bus driver requirements Safety is one of the most important qualifications of a school bus driver. Board-paid benefits for eligible positions. Pass the CDL School Bus Endorsement Test on your very first try! Take our FREE Practice Test for the ultimate test preparation. We are dedicated to providing transportation services to all eligible students. You can get your physical done The Florida Department of Transportation’s (FDOT) Florida Operations Network and Florida Transit Safety Network have jointly developed “Minimum Fixed Route Bus Operator Training Guidelines” for new bus operators. This page contains a chart that identifies the qualifications to be a school bus driver or school van driver in the State of Ohio. Driving is an essential skill that many of us acquire at a young age. $19. As the largest and most-chosen student transportation provider, we are a proven solution. Possess a valid Florida driver's license. edu. In order to maintain a school bus endorsement, every four years, a school bus driver must: Complete a minimum of 10 hours of refresher training, which includes at least 7 hours of classroom training and at least 3 hours of in-bus training. The rules do not state that each bus staff member must become certified, but instead Bus Driver - Charter Academy. Orlando, FL 32818. School Bus Attendant - $18. This CDL practice test is a great place to start if you’re after the FL School Bus endorsement. First Student Canada 1-800-563-6072 extension 538. They are responsible for following all traffic and company regulations to the letter, and they must remain consistently calm and collected in all situations. 1 day ago · JACKSONVILLE, Fla. 15(4) Effective 12/23/22 New provision authorizing the RMV to suspend a school bus and/or school transport “7D” vehicle operator certificate immediately when the operator “has been criminally charged with an offense involving a threat to the public safety, School Bus Driver. us. Image courtesy of FMCSA. between 8:00 a. Openings at all garages and parking locations. Student Transportation - Volusia County Schools. It’s time to see how prepared you are for the official test. You can find out if you would pass the official test when you take the practice test. Step 2: Apply for Positions. Upon successful completion of this course, you will have received a Class B CDL driver's license and your payment status will upgrade to a PINELLAS COUNTY SCHOOLS' SCHOOL BUS DRIVER $19. Tampa, FL 33613. 3273476: 12/15/2006 Vol. Easily apply. This is how you should perform your pre-trip inspection on the CDL road test. —. Our drivers have flexible hours and time off during school holidays. Personnel qualifications for bus and van drivers may also be reviewed in OAC 3301 A completed commercial driving school instructor application (Note: Please type in the form, print it then, save it. 3 million in funding is available to support rapid credentialing programs. From $18 an hour. CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD CCPS TRANSPORTATION BROCHURE. From $18. Thonotosassa, FL 33592. John. ) A Certificate of Completion for: This 32-hour Driving Instructor Training Course (DITC), 8-hour DITC Refresher, or Driver Performance Analysis System (DPAS). 32-hour course is conducted in three eight-hour days (24 hours) with an additional eight hours School bus drivers are dedicated to their jobs. Ability to drive a school bus safely and efficiently. Full-time + 1. If you have questions about the applications or pre-employment, contact Mandi Haram at harama@pcsb. com, Clay County District Schools, Franmar Corporation, Central Charter School, Sagemont Preparatory School, AVANT GARDE ACADEMY FOUNDATION, INC. 75 per hour for bus drivers (based on experience)*. Find out if you’re ready to go to the DMV and get your endorsement. Guaranteed 7 Hours a Day. Monday to Friday + 3. Bus Drivers. Home time + 1. $22. School Bus Waiver Due to a shortage of school bus drivers, the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) granted a waiver of certain testing requirements for school bus drivers. — (1) Each school bus driver must be of good moral character, of good vision and hearing, able-bodied, free from communicable disease, mentally alert, and sufficiently strong physically to handle the bus with ease, and he or she must possess other qualifications prescribed by the Commissioner of Education, including those qualifications This Florida school bus endorsement practice test is designed to help you pass the DMV written test 2024 exam for an S endorsement, to add to your main commercial driving license. 85 an hour to $15 an hour, and the rate is likely to rise to as much as $16. Training is available for class “E” license with required CDL/ Endorsement permits. Pupil Transportation Safety Institute is the leading provider of resources and training for school bus drivers in support of their goal of the safe, efficient transportation of children. View our salary scales. Ron DeSantis announced that $2. 540 CMR 2. Jun 25, 2023 · The school bus endorsement test can vary from state to state but you can expect the following when taking the written exam: 20 total questions. School districts and state governments are continuing the scramble to find qualified school bus drivers. Aug 14, 2019 · The Florida State Board of Education announced on July 17 an amendment to rules 6A-3. Nina Broxton. Full-Time. Typically, a bus driver must meet a set of requirements to be qualified for a bus company’s position. Provides the 4-hour behind the wheel training as part of the 3 crashes in 3 years per section 322. Express Truck Driver Training Passenger School Bus- $1,950; Florida 33773, United States (727)732-7904 cdl@etdtfl. 20 to 25 hours per week. Nights, Weekends, and Holidays OFF! Summers OFF! Paid training $15. Mulberry, FL 33860. Real questions with keys and explanations. $50,000 to $70,000 (typical first year earnings). Charlotte County Public Schools Port Charlotte, FL. Tallahassee Road Test Hours. Collaborate with the bus driver and school staff to maintain a positive classroom-like environment on the bus. Gaines Street, Room 834. 1. fl. Drivers are eligible for annual step increases plus market scale adjustments based upon School Board approval. 2066324. Active 5 days ago ·. 86 - $21. First Student has a century of history, experience and dedicated service that For most counties in the state of Florida, the curriculum follows the guidelines from the Florida Department of Education School Bus Driver Curriculum. Must posses a valid FL driver’s license free of driving violations or offences. 6 Days a Week, By Appt Only. Polk County Public Schools Transportation. School bus drivers know that the school bus is the beginning to an education for students. and 3:00 p. Expected hours: 10 – 15 per week. Lauderdale Lakes, FL 33319. Get a physical exam. $25 an hour. Part-time. Call 407-897-4403 to Register. — (1) Each school bus driver must be of good moral character, of good vision and hearing, able-bodied, free from communicable disease, mentally alert, and sufficiently strong physically to handle the bus with ease, and he or she must possess other qualifications prescribed by the Commissioner of Education, including those qualifications 407-317-3800, ext 2066324. Hiring Bus Drivers. TBA at 727 547-7100 Extension 4558 or e-mail. North Tampa's Best After School Program. 2. This would be after you perfo Transportation Job Fair. Ability to maintain valid certification as school bus driver according to state regulations. An entry-level school bus driver performs behind-the-wheel training. There are a couple places across Osceola and Orange County that offer DOT physicals. Redlands Christian Migrant Association. Interested in becoming a Pinellas County Schools bus driver? $19. 20 hours per week. Out of State DMV Information Out of State DMV. School bus drivers need to know how to make informed decisions when driving near tracks and trains. Download your FL CDL study guide 2024. Phone: 850-245-9795. Four points on your driver license; and. 50 an hour starting on July 1. The Student Transportation of America partnered with Goodwill Friday to recruit bus A class B CDL pre-trip conducted on a 2021 IC Conventional School Bus Search for the position "Operator, School Bus" to apply for the position. ( Central Business District area) $67,000 - $94,000 a year. org 727-547-7100 ext. Research the Minimum Requirements. Miami, FL 33222. 00 - $26. On average, school bus drivers in the United States earn $45,210 per year. Up to $10,000 Bonus. 9 am – 1 pm. These guidelines provide for 80 hours of classroom training, 40 hours of behind the wheel training, and up to 80 hours of route Redlands Christian Migrant Association. Transportation Headquarters. We feel that proper school bus training in real-world situations is the only way to ensure you’re ready for the challenging yet rewarding job of school bus driving. Fax: 850-245-9935. Health Benefits and Retirement Plan. This waiver covers states for the period of January 3, 2022, through September 30, 2022, and may be extended Tallahassee, FL 32308. 96 per hour; Hiring full time drivers for daily routes, field trips, and weekends; 180 work days & 6 paid holidays; Benefits: School Bus Driver. Tallahassee, Florida 32399-0400. com. Up to $250 a week. 00 an hour, plus benefits. Escambia County Public Schools. The face of First Student, school bus drivers pick up and deliver several hundred children during a normal shift — on time and safely. Our industry-leading driver training and onboarding program meets FMCSA Entry Level Driver Training Infinity Medical Staffing - Infinity Courier. PTSI provides a broad range of safety and management services to school transportation providers in New York State and across the country. With a fleet of 511 school buses using approximately 2,700 bus routes and 9,200 bus stops, our drivers travel approximately 61,000 miles per day for a total of approximately 10,920,000 miles Bus Driver. Representatives from Human Resources and the Transportation Department will be available to discuss career opportunities for positions in bus driving and mechanics. Drive bus carefully and in compliance with traffic regulations and school board policy. School Training Solutions! For immediate assistance with School Training Solutions, please call 1-800-261-6248 during business hours of 8:00AM to 5:00PM CST, or email enrollment@schooltrainingsolutions. 2023-2024 Up to $22. Minneola, FL 34715. FINISH AND SUBMIT. No air brake restriction. Have a clean driving record with no more than 4 points in the past 3 years. The Florida Department of Motor Vehicles will NOT release your CDL permit until you give them a copy of your physical. Have high school diploma or GED. . 800-445-2994 E-mail: iwanttodrive@mtsta. 6. DCPS has policies and procedures in place to protect its employees, students and anyone associated with the District from discrimination, harassment, sexual harassment or retaliation. 79/hr. All candidates must have a CDL and obtain a passenger…. Apply online by scanning the QR code below or clicking on the link. Sat: 8:30 AM – 12 PM. Contact appropriate transportation office at 321-633-3680. Scroll down for training videos and assets, posters, eLearning and more. 79 per hour. CCPS STAFF WILL FOLLOW UP WITH YOU ON THE NEXT STEPS! INTERESTED? Call: 239-377-0604Email: transportation@collierschools. While driving they must also monitor student behavior, handle traffic situations and the motoring public in all types of weather. 20 Hourly. Illinois Central School Bus 3. If you have less than 5 years of driving in Florida, please request your driving history. Oct 16, 2019 · School Bus Driver Training Needs to Take Special Needs Students Into Account. 65. Let them know your application is complete and you will be scheduled for an interview. What Are the Penalties for School Bus Violations? As of 2021, Florida law charges a minimum fine of $200 for failure to stop for a school bus (and $400 if passing on the side children embark or disembark while the bus is displaying a stop signal) and repeat offenses within five years can result in license suspension of one to two years Every school day, 480,000 school buses travel the nation’s roads. 9455 Harney Road. $16. Pass the School Bus Knowledge Test. Fort Lauderdale, FL 33309. 61 an hour. The ELDT regulations are not retroactive; individuals who were issued a CDL or an S, P For details concerning state regulations for CDL DITC training click here CDL commercial driving school instructor (15A-11. 0121 and 6A-3. They also complete daily pre- and post-shift Download Instructor’s Guide Download the Entire Training Program (967MB) If you need assistance utilizing or accessing the Florida Small and Rural Transit Agency Bus Operator Training Program, please contact the Florida RTAP Project team, Stephanie Lewis, zavacki@usf. The process involves 40-hours of instruction, with 20 hours within a classroom environment and 8 hours of on-the-road training in an actual school bus. To qualify you must of held a regular driver's license for at least five (5) years. School Bus Driver. The Basic School Bus Driver Curriculum . ( Eastmount area) From $17. Experience with commercial driving or as a delivery driver is a plus. North Tampa's Best After School Program is now hiring experienced school bus drivers to safely transport our students from their elementary schools to our after…. On July 1, 2017, the Cameron Mayhew Act took effect in Florida, which increases the minimum penalty for drivers who illegally pass a stopped school bus, resulting in the injury or death SCHTRANS@fldoe. MTS Training Academy - Main Office. Feb 24, 2022 · February 24, 2022. ca. Traffic Law and Substance Abuse Education (TLSAE) All first-time drivers must take and pass the TLSAE course. Monday to Friday + 1. 50 an hour. Combining unmatched care with world class safety to provide an exceptional ride to school. 4. Assist other school bus drivers with their routes in cases of emergencies or as needs arise; Obey all traffic laws Bus Driver/Operator. Passenger and School Bus Endorsements. In January, Florida Gov. Follow these steps to access the state of Tennessee’s INFINIT-I System TN Highway Patrol Pupil Transportation will utilize this online learning program to deploy mandatory annual training to school bus drivers across the state. The CDL general knowledge DMV permit test for Florida commercial drivers is the first and largest assessment you will be faced with on your road to becoming qualified. One unclear aspect of this story is whether the bus driver understood the importance of the lanyard around the girl's neck. You may also have additional license/entry-level-driver-training-eldt. Coal City, IL 60416. In Florida, to become a certified school bus driver, you must meet the following basic requirements: Be at least 18 years old. Sage Truck Driving School – Plant City. The test is designed to prepare you for the School Bus portion of your 2024 Commercial Driver’s License exam. Need a passing score of 80% or higher (16 correct answers) The CDL bus driver test will examine your knowledge on the following topics: Danger zones and use of mirrors. 65 - $23. $22,000 - $55,000 a year. Before you can become a bus driver with the School District of Osceola County, you must get your DOT physical. The responsibility that guides that effort is immense, but our staff of 480 employees will not budge an inch Pre-Trip inspection demonstrated on a school bus. Keep the wheels of education rolling! Join the Bus Driver Team today and get these great benefits. WHAT WE OFFER: • $14. Orlando, FL 32801. 0261(1)(c), Florida Statutes; For a list of schools, visit our Commercial Driving Schools Providing Behind the Wheel Training page. Broward County Public Schools —Bus Driver Requirements Contact Transportation: 754-321-4401 CDL Class A or B with endorsements: P, S 1 Completed Application with 2 Professional References Valid Florida Driver’s License with at least 5 years licensed driving exp. This requirement goes into effect in November 2020. They will need a copy of your MVR, driver license, and your CDL permit. Weekends and Holidays Off. Attach/upload your resume. A. Chapter 1012 PERSONNEL Entire Chapter. Please contact the Flagler Schools Transportation Department at 386-586-2145 with any questions about transportation employment Mandatory Bus Driver Training | Tennessee TAPT. Their CDL training program includes 150 hours of instruction (44 one-student-per-truck driving hours) and it takes 4-5 weeks to complete. Monday to Friday. The online course for bus drivers includes the 20 hours of training mandated by the State of Florida’s Department of Education (DOE), broken down into 13 lessons plus an end-of Bus Driver Unassigned (2024-2025 School Year) Lake County Schools Clermont, FL. There are several steps to our Rohrer school bus training program: Overall training will take between 35 and 40 hours. 613-967-7770 info@drivereducationandtraining. E. Your CLP allows you to practice your Our signature driver training programs will equip you with everything you need to provide unmatched care and the safest ride to school for your student passengers. CREATE OR LOG IN TO AN EXISTING ACCOUNT. com The top companies hiring now for school bus driver jobs in Florida are Maranata School Bus Service, Corp. 24 to $17. Full-time. Completion of approved DOE training course for the school bus driver * Completion of approved DOE training course for the school bus driver * CPR and First Aid approved training courses for school West Oaks Academy. North Area Covers the areas of Titusville, Mims, Scottsmoor, and Port St. Applications are reviewed by the hiring managers and successful applicants are invited to interview. 50 – $25. Jun 14, 2022 · In some cases, the benefits offered to new school bus driver applicants are better than those offered to private industry executives. Transportation Van Driver - $19. 00 per hour. The average hourly wage is $21. 45 School bus drivers; requirements and duties. 4620 goodalec@pcsb. For a list of school bus companies in your area, it is suggested that you research the internet, check your local Oct 9, 2019 · So as a result, Florida has amended their laws to require CPR and first aid as part of school bus driver training, for both drivers and any on-board aides, along with a requirement for ongoing biennial re-certification. School bus driver with CDL-PS. Starting Pay $18. , Steeplechase, FloridaTours. vp ql jy ck dr zz vo el cf yz
